Alytus Museum of Ethnography

In the heart of Alytus, Lithuania, stands a cultural gem that beckons history enthusiasts and curious travelers alike: the Alytus Museum of Ethnography, known locally as Alytaus kraštotyros muziejus. Established in 1928, this museum is the largest state-run museum in southern Lithuania, dedicated to preserving and showcasing the rich archaeological, ethnographic, and historical heritage of the Alytus region.

The Origins and Evolution of the Museum

The story of the Alytus Museum of Ethnography begins in the early 20th century. On January 13, 1920, the “Dzūkijos Aušros” society was registered at the office of the Alytus County Governor. Although the society soon disbanded, a new group of cultural enthusiasts came together seven years later, driven by a shared passion for preserving local history. Among them were county doctor S. Janavičius, priests K. Paulavičius and Pranas Baltrušaitis, teachers S. Slavėnas and V. Jakučionis, and civil servant R. Adžgauskas. On April 24, 1928, they officially registered the Alytus Museum.

In 1934, some members of the museum society, including S. Vaitkevičius, M. Žilinskas, and S. Janavičius, formed a new organization—the Dzūkų kraštotyros draugija (Dzūkija Ethnographic Society). For a year, both societies operated in parallel until the museum was integrated into the Dzūkija Ethnographic Society in 1935, becoming known as the Dzūkų Museum. This merger marked the beginning of a new era, with the museum focusing on the preservation of local antiquities and historical materials.

A Treasured Collection

The Alytus Museum of Ethnography boasts an impressive collection of over 70,000 artifacts. Among its treasures are a remarkable collection of earrings dating from the 14th to the 17th centuries, one of the largest in Lithuania. The museum also houses coin hoards, 16th and 17th-century parchments, and numerous archaeological finds from expeditions conducted by the museum staff. These expeditions have uncovered significant sites such as the Alytus Hillfort, Bazorai Cemetery, and Dubičiai Castle, to name a few.

The museum's ethnographic and historical exhibits offer a captivating glimpse into the cultural heritage of the Dainava region. Visitors can explore a diverse array of artifacts, from traditional clothing and household items to tools and machinery used in agriculture, hunting, and fishing. The museum also features sections dedicated to numismatics, visual arts, sculpture, ecclesiastical art, and more.

A Journey Through Time

As you step into the Alytus Museum of Ethnography, you embark on a journey through time, delving into the rich tapestry of the region's history. The museum's exhibits are thoughtfully curated to provide an immersive and educational experience. One of the highlights is the ethnographic exhibition, which showcases the traditional way of life in the Dainava region. Here, you can admire intricate textiles, colorful costumes, and beautifully crafted household items that reflect the craftsmanship and creativity of the local people.

The historical exhibition takes you through the significant events and milestones that have shaped the Alytus region. From ancient times to the modern era, the museum's displays offer a comprehensive overview of the area's development. Notable artifacts include ancient coins, medieval documents, and archaeological finds that shed light on the region's past.

Memorial Museums

The Alytus Museum of Ethnography also oversees two memorial museums dedicated to prominent Lithuanian poets: Antanas Matučio and Antanas Jonynas. The Antanas Matučio Memorial Museum, located on A. Matučio Street, and the Antanas Jonynas Memorial Museum, situated on Liškiavos Street, offer visitors a unique opportunity to learn about the lives and works of these influential literary figures. These museums provide a deeper understanding of the cultural and artistic heritage of the region, highlighting the contributions of these poets to Lithuanian literature.

Preserving Heritage Amidst Adversity

The museum's journey has not been without challenges. During World War II, the museum suffered significant losses, with most of its artifacts being looted. However, the museum was restored in 1946, and efforts to rebuild its collections began. In 1947, the museum was officially named the Alytus Museum of Ethnography. Over the years, dedicated individuals such as Henrikas Lizdenis and Vidmantas Laurinavičius played pivotal roles in revitalizing the museum and expanding its collections.

In 1981, the museum moved to a newly reconstructed building, which allowed for the creation of new permanent exhibitions. Despite encountering structural issues in the mid-1980s, the museum staff continued their efforts to preserve and promote the region's heritage. Archaeological expeditions, ethnographic research, and the organization of various exhibitions and lectures have ensured that the museum remains a vibrant center of cultural and historical exploration.

Visiting the Alytus Museum of Ethnography

Today, the Alytus Museum of Ethnography stands as a testament to the resilience and dedication of those who have worked tirelessly to preserve the cultural heritage of the Alytus region. Whether you are a history enthusiast, a cultural explorer, or simply curious about the past, a visit to this museum promises a rewarding and enriching experience.

As you explore the museum's exhibits, you will gain a deeper appreciation for the traditions, customs, and historical events that have shaped the Alytus region. From ancient artifacts to ethnographic treasures, the Alytus Museum of Ethnography offers a captivating journey through time, inviting you to discover the rich heritage of this beautiful part of Lithuania.