Nestled within the serene confines of the Belvidere Cemetery in Belvidere, Illinois, the Pettit Memorial Chapel stands as a testament to the architectural genius of Frank Lloyd Wright. This modest yet profoundly significant structure, completed in 1907, is a hidden gem that offers visitors a unique glimpse into Wright's early Prairie Style work. The chapel is not only a place of reflection and solace but also a piece of history that speaks volumes about the era it was built in and the people it commemorates.
The Pettit Memorial Chapel was commissioned by Emma Glasner Pettit in memory of her late husband, Dr. William Henry Pettit, who passed away in 1899. Dr. Pettit was a respected homeopathic physician who had established a successful practice in Cedar Falls, Iowa. Born and raised in Belvidere, Dr. Pettit's remains were brought back to his hometown for interment after his untimely death. Emma Pettit, driven by a desire to honor her husband’s memory, decided to commission a chapel in the Belvidere Cemetery where he was laid to rest.
Emma Pettit's brother, William A. Glasner, who had previously commissioned Wright to design his home in Glencoe, Illinois, recommended the renowned architect for the project. Wright's design, completed in 1906, was realized the following year at a cost of approximately $3,000. The chapel was dedicated as a memorial to Dr. Pettit and stands near the graves of both Dr. and Mrs. Pettit.
Over the years, the Pettit Memorial Chapel has undergone several restorations to preserve its structural integrity and historical significance. The first major restoration took place between 1977 and 1981, spearheaded by the Belvidere Junior Women's Club, which raised $60,000 for the project. The chapel was rededicated on June 8, 1981, coinciding with Wright's birthday. A second restoration occurred in 2003, funded by a state tourism grant and a cemetery trust fund, ensuring the chapel's continued preservation.
The Pettit Memorial Chapel is a quintessential example of Frank Lloyd Wright's early Prairie Style, characterized by its horizontal lines, flat or hipped roofs with broad overhanging eaves, and integration with the landscape. The chapel's T-shaped plan is both functional and aesthetically pleasing, with a meeting room forming the stem of the T and two open porches creating the crossbar. This design not only provides a sheltered space for visitors but also allows for a seamless connection with the surrounding cemetery grounds.
One of the most striking features of the chapel is its low-pitched hipped roof, which creates a quiet and unbroken skyline, a hallmark of Wright's Prairie Style. The roof's overhanging eaves, abstract geometric art glass windows, and contrasting wood trim all contribute to the building's harmonious and organic appearance. Inside, the chapel is adorned with a fireplace located at the crossing point of the T, adding warmth and a sense of home to the space.
The open-air porches are another notable feature, designed to provide shelter for funeral attendees as they waited for their cars. The placement of the columns on the porch, pulled back from the open corners, is a design element found in other Wright buildings of the period, such as the Coonley House and the Martin House. This innovative approach to column placement may have even influenced European architects like Le Corbusier after 1910.
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Visiting the Pettit Memorial Chapel offers a unique opportunity to experience the tranquility and beauty of Wright's design in a setting that encourages reflection and contemplation. The chapel's location within the Belvidere Cemetery, surrounded by well-maintained graves and lush greenery, provides a peaceful environment for visitors to pay their respects and appreciate the architectural masterpiece before them.
The chapel's interior, though modest, is thoughtfully designed to create a sense of intimacy and comfort. The use of natural light through the art glass windows and the warmth of the fireplace contribute to an atmosphere of serenity and reverence. This space has served as a place for funeral services and gatherings, embodying the residential character typical of Wright's Prairie Style work.
The Pettit Memorial Chapel's inclusion on the U.S. National Register of Historic Places on December 1, 1978, underscores its significance as an architectural and historical landmark. While it is not a tomb or mausoleum, the chapel's functional design and residential character make it a unique and valuable part of Wright's body of work. Its preservation ensures that future generations can continue to appreciate and learn from this remarkable example of early 20th-century architecture.
In conclusion, the Pettit Memorial Chapel is more than just a building; it is a symbol of love, memory, and architectural innovation. As you walk through the peaceful grounds of the Belvidere Cemetery and approach this modest yet profound structure, you are not only stepping into a piece of history but also experiencing the enduring legacy of Frank Lloyd Wright's vision. Whether you are an architecture enthusiast, a history buff, or someone seeking a moment of quiet reflection, the Pettit Memorial Chapel is a destination that promises to leave a lasting impression.
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