Villaggio Leumann

In the heart of Collegno, just on the outskirts of the bustling city of Turin, lies a hidden gem of historical and architectural significance: Villaggio Leumann. This enchanting workers' village, established at the end of the 19th century, stands as a testament to the visionary spirit of its founder, Napoleone Leumann, an enlightened Swiss entrepreneur. As you stroll through its charming streets, you will be transported back in time to an era where industrial innovation met social welfare, creating a unique and harmonious community.

The Visionary Beginnings

Villaggio Leumann was born from the ambition of Napoleone Leumann, who moved his family’s textile business from Voghera to Collegno in 1875. Attracted by the economic incentives and the strategic location near Turin, Leumann decided to establish a cotton mill in the area. Unlike other industrialists of his time, Leumann envisioned more than just a factory; he sought to create a comprehensive living environment for his workers, where their professional and personal lives could flourish in tandem.

An Architectural Marvel

The village, spanning approximately 60,000 square meters, is a harmonious blend of Italian and Swiss architectural styles, reflecting Leumann’s heritage. The residential area comprises 59 houses divided into 120 apartments, each equipped with modern amenities such as sanitary facilities and shared gardens. The design of these homes, with their distinctive brick facades and charming gabled roofs, exudes a quaint, almost storybook-like charm.

Beyond the residences, Villaggio Leumann boasts a range of communal buildings that catered to the needs of its inhabitants. Notable among these is the Church of Santa Elisabetta, a rare example of Liberty-style architecture in Italy. Designed by engineer Pietro Fenoglio, the church stands out with its intricate brickwork, geometric motifs, and stunning stained-glass windows. The church’s interior, though modest, is adorned with beautiful wooden trusses and colorful windows that infuse the space with a serene ambiance.

Education and Social Welfare

Napoleone Leumann firmly believed in the power of education and social welfare. In 1903, he established a school within the village, offering free education to the children of his workers. The school, which included six elementary classes and an infant nursery, was equipped with advanced teaching methods and a well-stocked library. Leumann’s commitment to education extended to evening classes for adult workers, ensuring that learning was accessible to all.

The village also featured a range of social amenities, including a gymnasium, public baths, a cooperative grocery store, and even a small railway station known as la stazionetta. This station, built in 1903, facilitated easy commuting for workers and remains a charming relic of the village’s past.

The Rise and Fall of the Cotton Mill

The Leumann Cotton Mill thrived for nearly a century, producing high-quality textiles and providing stable employment to the local community. However, the textile industry faced significant challenges in the early 1970s, leading to the eventual closure of the mill in 1972. Despite this setback, the village itself has been meticulously preserved, thanks to the efforts of the Collegno municipality, which took over the ownership and maintenance of the buildings.

Exploring Villaggio Leumann Today

Today, Villaggio Leumann stands as a living museum, offering visitors a glimpse into the past. The village is still home to around a hundred families, including some descendants of the original mill workers. As you wander through its streets, you can admire the beautifully restored buildings and imagine the vibrant community life that once thrived here.

A visit to the village would be incomplete without exploring the former cotton mill, now a cultural center hosting exhibitions and events. The school building, meticulously restored, continues to serve as an educational institution, while the Church of Santa Elisabetta remains a place of worship and a stunning architectural landmark.

A Testament to Progressive Vision

Villaggio Leumann is more than just a historical site; it is a testament to the progressive vision of Napoleone Leumann and his commitment to creating a better quality of life for his workers. The village’s unique blend of industrial heritage, architectural beauty, and social innovation makes it a must-visit destination for history enthusiasts, architecture aficionados, and anyone seeking to experience a slice of Italy’s rich cultural tapestry.

Whether you are exploring the charming streets, marveling at the architectural details, or learning about the village’s history, Villaggio Leumann offers a captivating journey through time, showcasing the enduring legacy of a visionary entrepreneur and the community he built.