William J. Holloway Jr. United States Courthouse

The William J. Holloway Jr. United States Courthouse stands as a testament to modern architectural elegance in the heart of Oklahoma City. This distinguished building, with its clean lines and formal design, is a hub of judicial activity and historical significance, drawing visitors and legal professionals alike to its doors.

The History of the Courthouse

In the bustling mid-20th century, Oklahoma City found its federal facilities bursting at the seams. The 1912 U.S. Post Office and Courthouse could no longer accommodate the growing needs of the federal judiciary and other government offices. Enter Judge Alfred P. Murrah, whose advocacy led to the creation of a new federal building, designed by the talented Oklahoma architect Dow Gumerson. Completed in 1961, this courthouse was a marvel of its time, incorporating innovative ideas and modern design elements that were both functional and aesthetically pleasing.

Built at a cost of $7 million, the courthouse originally housed the United States District Court for the Western District of Oklahoma and the United States Court of Appeals for the Tenth Circuit, among other federal agencies. Its strategic location within a federal complex that included the Alfred P. Murrah Federal Building—tragically destroyed in the 1995 bombing—adds layers of historical poignancy to its presence.

Architectural Grandeur

The courthouse is a striking example of Modern architecture, characterized by its box-like form and minimal adornment. Gumerson's design reflects Formalism, emphasizing high-quality materials and smooth surfaces. The use of Indiana limestone and granite gives the building a dignified and enduring appearance, while the colonnade—a nod to the neighboring 1912 courthouse—ties the federal complex together in harmonious unity.

One of the building's most distinctive features is its unadorned facade, which is punctuated by a colonnade rising from the second story. This design choice not only provides a visual link to the past but also allows the building to stand out among the more mundane federal designs of its era.

Exploring the Interior

Inside, the courthouse boasts thirteen courtrooms and a hearing room, with the district courtrooms and a ceremonial courtroom occupying the third floor. The fifth-floor courtroom, designed for the U.S. Court of Appeals, features a unique circular lightwell that creates a dramatic focal point above the judge's bench.

The interior is adorned with walnut veneer panels, hand-picked by Gumerson himself, creating a warm and inviting atmosphere. The panels are book matched, offering symmetrical designs that enhance the building's elegance. Marble surfaces, polished terrazzo floors, and restored skylights in the ceremonial courtroom add to the building's refined aesthetic.

Art and Symbolism

Artistic touches are subtly integrated into the courthouse's design. Noted sculptor Bernard Emerson Frazier crafted two bas-relief sculptures, Unity and Destiny, which adorn the limestone walls above the side entrances. These works of art reflect themes of unity and destiny, symbolizing the diverse cultural heritage of Oklahoma.

A Living Monument

Despite the passage of time and the changes wrought by history, the William J. Holloway Jr. United States Courthouse remains a vibrant center of legal proceedings and civic engagement. Its listing on the National Register of Historic Places in 2021 ensures its preservation as a landmark of architectural and historical significance.

For those visiting Oklahoma City, a stop at this courthouse offers a glimpse into the city's rich legal history and architectural innovation. Whether you're a history enthusiast or simply appreciate fine architecture, the courthouse provides a fascinating journey through the past and a testament to the enduring spirit of justice.